Primary Submission Category: Applications in Health and Biology
Estimating subgroup effects of prenatal opioid exposure across levels of baseline risk factors
Authors: Andy Shen, Sherian X. Li, Michael W. Kuzniewicz, Lena S. Sun, Samuel D. Pimentel,
Presenting Author: Andy Shen*
Prenatal opioid exposure (POE) is associated with adverse health outcomes and neurodevelopmental conditions later in childhood, including ADHD. Since ADHD risk is partially genetic and hereditary, its relationship with POE may be modified by maternal neurodevelopment history. In this study, we explore how effects of POE on ADHD risk vary with maternal ADHD and depression. Using a birth cohort from an integrated healthcare system with 15 facilities, we utilize cardinality matching to match each POE subject to five unexposed controls. We conducted a match for the entire POE group, separate cardinality matches for the POE group with maternal ADHD and the remaining POE group without maternal ADHD (matching to unexposed subjects with or without maternal ADHD), and separate cardinality matches for subgroups defined by maternal depression. We did not observe a significant effect of POE on ADHD overall, but effect estimates differed substantially for subjects with and without maternal ADHD, and were significant for the latter group. Our results suggest POE may have a smaller impact on babies at elevated risk for ADHD due specifically to maternal ADHD, although no such effect appears present for maternal depression.
This project is supported by the FDA.